piste ho chi minh

Le long de la piste ont été installées des zones de repos, de ravitaillement et de réparation pour maintenir la voie ouverte malgré des bombardements aériens intensifs et des attaques d’unités légères de commandos. The northwest monsoon (the dry season), from mid-October to mid-March was relatively drier with lower temperatures. "Operation Lam Son 719", the long-sought assault on the Ho Chi Minh trail itself and the ultimate test of the U.S. policy of Vietnamization, had begun. From there, the coordination and distribution of men and supplies into South Vietnam's Military Region (MR) I and BAs further south was accomplished. Sur la piste Hô Chi Minh (2/2) ist ein Fernseh-programm von . "Project Popeye" was an attempt to indefinitely extend the rainy season over southeastern Laos by cloud seeding. As early as December 1961, the 3rd Truck Transportation Group of PAVN's General Rear Services Department had become the first motor transport unit fielded by North Vietnamese to work the trail and the use of motor transport escalated. The following year, Khong Sedone fell to the North Vietnamese. La dernière modification de cette page a été faite le 3 novembre 2020 à 14:25. "[10]:164, The system developed into an intricate maze of 5.5-metre-wide (18 ft) dirt roads (paved with gravel and corduroyed in some areas), foot and bicycle paths, and truck parks. By 1973, trucks could drive the entire length of the trail without emerging from the canopy except to ford streams or cross them on crude bridges built beneath the water's surface. In 1959 the North Vietnamese created Transportation Group 759, which was equipped with 20 steel-hulled vessels to carry out such infiltration. Cette piste est un réseau complexe de sentiers pédestres et de voies carrossables en terre battue avec des portions importantes sur gravillons. Der Long Thanh International Airport (vietnamesisch: Sân bay Quốc tế Long Thành) ist ein geplanter Großflughafen in Vietnam.Er soll 40 Kilometer nordöstlich der südvietnamesischen Metropole Ho-Chi-Minh-Stadt im Distrikt Long Thanh in der Provinz Đồng Nai errichtet werden.. Der Plan. [25], At first the operation went well, with little resistance from the North Vietnamese. The replacement units arrived on 29 November. [6]:37 In 1969, 433,000 tonnes of ordnance fell on Laos. The crews had been told that the North Vietnamese would rush hundreds of personnel to the drop site and remove the "soap" before the rainfall that was required to activate the chemicals. Aussi nommée « piste de Truong Son » par le lieu-dit de son point de départ, la Montagne de « Truong Son » (« Son » pour « montagne » en vietnamien, c'est la cordillère annamitique), la piste Hô Chi Minh a été un réseau élaboré de voies de différentes tailles, à travers la montagne et la jungle, d’une longueur totale d’environ 2 000 km le long de la chaîne montagneuse de « Truong Son », passant au Laos, dans les zones contrôlées par le Pathet Lao et au Cambodge, notamment dans les zones d'activité des Khmers rouges, en bordure de la frontière vietnamienne. Abstract. Das Winsuites Saigon in Ho-Chi-Minh-Stadt verfügt über ein Restaurant, einen Außenpool, ein Fitnesscenter und eine Bar. [25]:359, South Vietnamese troops were poorly led and the elite Ranger and Airborne elements had been decimated. Air America - Tome 1 - Sur la piste Ho Chi Minh T1/2 (Bande Dessinée (1)) | Julien Lepelletier, Patrice Buendia, Wallace | ISBN: 9782361182007 | Kostenloser Versand für … [10]:92, Trucked supplies traveled in convoys from North Vietnam in relays, with trucks shuttling from only one way station to the next. Since U.S. armed forces personnel were never officially acknowledged as being in Laos, the American ambassador to Laos became enraged that U.S. personnel had been spotted in uniform at the Laotian refueling field. Both North and South Vietnamese were to maintain control in the areas under their influence and negotiations between the two nations, possibly leading to a coalition government and unification, were to take place. Personnel interdiction was abandoned by early-1969. All personnel were extracted by 1 December. The single oil pipeline that had once terminated near the A Shau Valley now consisted of four lines (the largest 20 cm [eight inches] in diameter) and extended south to Lộc Ninh. BA 604 was the main logistical center during the Vietnam War. On Thanksgiving evening, a traditional turkey dinner was delivered by helicopter to the troops in Laos by order of President Johnson. By 1968 this was mainly composed of 37 mm and 57 mm radar-controlled weapons. By Prince Norodom Sihanouk. [11]:59 "Steel Tiger" was only one of several escalations approved under National Security Action Memorandum 328. Ils travaillaient tous pour un supplément de nourriture, du riz pur, alors que la ration ordinaire était du riz mélangé avec des haricots. "Lam Son 719" did manage to postpone a planned PAVN offensive against the northern provinces of South Vietnam for one year. The responsibility to build the pipeline fell to Lieutenant Colonel Phan Tu Quang, who became the first Chief of the Fuel Supply Department, and Major Mai Trong Phuoc, who was the Commander of Road Work Team 18, the secret name for the workers who built the pipeline. The area through which the system meandered was among the most challenging in Southeast Asia: a sparsely-populated region of rugged mountains 500–2,400 metres (1,500–8,000 ft) in elevation, triple-canopy jungle and dense tropical rainforests. Informationen für die Winterferien. [19], In November 1968, elements of the 4th Infantry Division, including infantry and combat engineers, embarked from the Plei Trap Valley in Vietnam and followed the Ho Chi Minh Trail into Cambodia and north into Laos, where they were extracted by helicopter on 1 December. Eventually, the last commo-liaison station in Laos or Cambodia was reached and the vehicles were unloaded. This video is unavailable. These efforts were hindered by morning fog and overcast, and by the smoke and haze produced by the slash-and-burn agriculture practiced by the indigenous population. Usually located one days march from one another, commo-liaison units were responsible for providing food, housing, medical care, and guides to the next way-station. [7]:24 This had been accomplished due to the elections in May that had brought a right-wing government to power in Laos, its increasing dependence on U.S. military and economic aid, and an increasingly antagonistic attitude toward North Vietnam. If a truck was disabled or destroyed, it was replaced from the assets of the next northern station and so on until it was replaced by a new one in North Vietnam. HCMT70.jpg 1.140 × 1.484; 319 KB. May be requested. In 1970, the same fate befell another camp at Dak Seang. By early-March 1971 the situation changed. Clark Dougan, David Fulghum, et al. U.S. aircraft were freed for interdiction missions and as many as 500 per day were flying over Laos. [1]:202 The trail ran mostly in Laos, and was called by the communists the Trường Sơn Strategic Supply Route (Đường Trường Sơn), after the Vietnamese name for the Annamite Range mountains in central Vietnam,[2]:28 and the communists further identified the trail as either West Trường Sơn (Laos) or East Trường Sơn (Vietnam). Sur la piste Hô Chi Minh (2/2) verpasst? The southwest monsoon (commonly called the rainy season) from mid-May to mid-September, brought heavy precipitation (70% of 3,800 mm (150 in) per year). … The purpose of the mission was to render the trail unusable by constructing abatis, destroying bunkers and bridges, and cratering the road. It was decided that the experiment had not justified the risk, and the project was cancelled. Aujourd'hui, la piste Hô Chi Minh historique est doublée par l'autoroute Hô Chi Minh entièrement en territoire vietnamien pour le développement économique de la haute région. Glotzdirekt.de! [4], Parts of what became the trail had existed for centuries as primitive footpaths that enabled trade. Within this BT there were: 25th and 27th Engineer Battalions; 101st and 53rd Truck Transport Battalions; 14th AAA Battalion; two infantry companies; 8th Guide Battalion (soldiers to take troops and trucks from one station to the next); three stores companies; a communications company; a medical care unit; three teams of surgeons; a quarantine unit; and a workshop to repair trucks. [28] Jockeying for control of more territory, both sides flagrantly violated the ceasefire and open hostilities began anew. An example is Binh Tram 31: "They took responsibility from the Mu Gia Pass to Lum Bum (Route 128) and all the roads from Route 12 to Kontum, Route 129 from Ca Vat to Na Phi Lang. [18], It was learned by U.S. intelligence that the enemy was using the Kong and Bang Fai Rivers to transport food, fuel, and munitions shipments by loading materiel into half-filled steel drums and then launching them into the rivers. [2]:88, After the initiation of U.S. naval interdiction efforts in coastal waters, known as Operation Market Time, the trail had to do double duty. The incursion started on 25 November and ended 1 December. Jetzt informieren: Winterurlaub in Ho-Chi-Minh-Stadt. French. Watch Queue Queue. Alle Folgen der Sendung Sur la piste Hô Chi Minh (2/2) hier auf Super Mediathek ansehen. Ho-Chi-Minh-Stadt erhielt ihren Namen im Jahre 1976, nachdem Nord-und Südvietnam wiedervereinigt worden waren. Spatial Coverage. (eds), National Front for the Liberation of South Vietnam, first phase of a limited PAVN offensive in South Vietnam, "The infamous and ingenious Ho Chi Minh Trail", United States Army Center of Military History, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ho_Chi_Minh_trail&oldid=998303222, Articles with failed verification from May 2020, Articles containing Vietnamese-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2012, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Wikipedia articles needing clarification from June 2012, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, BA 611 facilitated transport from BA 604 to BA 609. [2]:127, Two types of units served under the 559th Group: "Binh Trams" (BT) and commo-liaison units. Das Frühstück ist aussergewöhnlich gut und reichhaltig. Eventually, the bulk of the trail was either asphalted or hard packed, thus allowing large quantities of supplies to be moved even during the rainy season. By 25 March 1971 the last ARVN troops recrossed the border, closely followed by their enemy. The area fell under the auspices of "Operation Tiger Hound". [1]:202 According to the United States National Security Agency's official history of the war, the trail system was "one of the great achievements of military engineering of the 20th century". Ho Chi Minh Highway; Normdatei Q695916 GND-Kennung: 4402603-1. A total of 14 PAVN divisions were now committed to the offensive. The plastic pipeline, equipped with numerous small pumping stations, managed to transfer diesel fuel, gasoline, and kerosene all through the same pipe. A "Binh Tram" was the equivalent of a regimental logistical headquarters and was responsible for securing a particular section of the network. The sensor system was not sophisticated enough to detect enemy personnel, so the effort was given up until "Operation Island Tree" in late-1971. Vietnamese. Many translated example sentences containing "piste Ho Chi Minh" – English-French dictionary and search engine for English translations. [9], Human labour, pushing heavily laden bicycles, driving oxcarts, or acting as human pack animals, moving hundreds of tonnes of supplies in this fashion was quickly supplanted by truck transport—using Soviet, Chinese, or Eastern Bloc models—which quickly became the chief means of moving supplies and troops. La grandeur de la piste Hô Chi Minh ou piste Truong Son était que le flux ne fut jamais interrompu, au coût élevé subi par ces troupes de génie et de transport et ces travailleurs civils du Cong Dan (littéralement « travailleurs »). Elle est devenue emblématique de la guerre au Vietnam. The supplies were then cached, loaded onto watercraft, or man-portered into South Vietnam. [12], The intricacies of Laotian affairs, and U.S. and North Vietnamese interference in them, led to a mutual policy of each ignoring the other, at least in the public eye. The signing of the Paris Peace Accords seemed to bring the conflict in Southeast Asia to an end. The first mission was flown from Udorn Royal Thai Air Base by three C-130A aircraft from the 41st Tactical Airlift Squadron, Naha Air Base, Okinawa, Japan. 340p. [8]:8–70 The 559th Group "flipped" its line of communications to the west side of the Trường Sơn mountains. [22]:20, The Laotian towns of Attapeu and Salavan, at the foot of the Bolaven Plateau were seized by the North Vietnamese during 1970, opening the length of the Kong River system into Cambodia. [17], Throughout the war, ground operations by conventional units were somewhat limited to brief incursions into border sanctuaries. "[11]:236–239 In some areas it worked, depending on the makeup of the soil. The target itself was a road cut sharply into a hillside on a long traverse. [20], In the wake of the Tet Offensive, the North Vietnamese expanded and modernized their logistical effort. 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